The battleground of Udhua Nullah [where Mir Qasim (r.1760-63) was defeated in 1763], Lord Hastings' tents in the foreground and the Rajmahal foothills beyond; a watercolor by Seeta Ram, 1817-21
AI Overview
Mir Qasim ruled as the Nawab of Bengal from 1760 to 1763. Installed by the British East India Company to replace his father-in-law, Mir Jafar, he famously attempted to break free from British control, leading to the historic Battle of Buxar (1764).
🔑 Key Historical Facts
- Ascension (1760): The British placed Mir Qasim on the throne after forcing Mir Jafar to abdicate, expecting him to act as a compliant puppet ruler.
- Capital Shift: To distance himself from British influence in Calcutta, he moved his capital from Murshidabad to Mungyr (Monghyr) in Bihar.
- Military Reforms: He modernized his army, hired foreign experts, and established factories to manufacture advanced firearms and ammunition.
- Trade Dispute: He strongly opposed the British misuse of Dastaks (free trade passes), which exempted Company merchants from internal duties and ruined local traders.
- Equal Footing: In retaliation, Mir Qasim abolished all internal customs duties for both Indian and British merchants, eliminating the British trade advantage.
- Deposition (1763): Enraged by his independence, the British East India Company went to war with him, defeated his forces, and reinstated Mir Jafar as Nawab.
- Grand Alliance & Defeat: Mir Qasim fled and formed a triple alliance with Shuja-ud-Daula (Nawab of Awadh) and Shah Alam II (Mughal Emperor). This allied army was decisively defeated by the British at the Battle of Buxar on October 22, 1764.
📊 Direct Comparison: Mir Jafar vs. Mir Qasim
| Feature | Mir Jafar | Mir Qasim |
|---|---|---|
| Relationship to Each Other | Father-in-law to Mir Qasim | Son-in-law to Mir Jafar |
| Reign Periods | 1757–1760 & 1763–1765 | 1760–1763 |
| Capital City | Murshidabad | Mungyr (Monghyr) |
| Stance on British | Yielded to British demands | Strongly resisted British interference |
| Major Conflict | Battle of Plassey (conspirator) | Battle of Buxar (combatant) |
MÄ«r Qasim | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Bihar | |
Reign | 20 October 1760 – 7 July 1763 |
Predecessor | Mir Jafar |
Successor | Mir Jafar |
| Full name | Mir Muhammad Qasim Ali Khan |
| Died | 8 May 1777 Kotwal |
| Noble family | Najafi |
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